Science

Biology

…how organisms are classified, how they interact with each other and their environments, and the organisation and structure of all living things (cells, tissues, organs, organ system) and how living things reproduce.

Chemistry

…how atoms are arranged as elements (on the periodic table), compounds, or mixtures and the different ways to separate them.

…the difference between acids and alkalis, pH scale and neutralisation (including examples and applications)

Physics

…how energy is stored and transferred, including mechanically as sound

…the difference between contact and non-contact forces

…the structure and the solar system and the importance of gravity

Biology
…how different cells can lead to disease

…the impact of lifestyle upon health and ways to improve health (balanced diet)

…the differences between organisms (environmental and genetic) which can lead to evolution or extinction

Chemistry

…how atoms are arranged as elements (on the periodic table), compounds, or mixtures and the different ways to separate them.

…the difference between acids and alkalis, pH scale and neutralisation (including examples and applications)

Physics

…how energy is stored and transferred, including mechanically as sound

…the difference between contact and non-contact forces

…the structure and the solar system and the importance of gravity

Biology

…the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the movement of particles across cell membranes in animals and plants, how organisms defend themselves against diseases and infections, and where the energy comes from for all the biological processes (photosynthesis and respiration), plant physiology.

Chemistry

…how atoms are arranged as elements (on the periodic table), compounds, or mixtures and the different ways to separate them.

…the difference between acids and alkalis, pH scale and neutralisation (including examples and applications)

Physics

…how energy is stored and transferred, including mechanically as sound

…the difference between contact and non-contact forces

…the structure and the solar system and the importance of gravity

Biology

Trilogy and GCSE Biology

…the different methods of transporting substances across membranes

…the structure and function of different biological systems; respiratory, digestive, endocrine, nervous

…how different substances such as carbon, water and mineral ions are recycled in the environment.

….how adaptations lead to survival in the environment through competition

…why biodiversity is important and how it is maintained

…the causes of variation and the effects of it

…evidence of evolution using antibiotic resistance

GCSE Biology Only in addition to the above but not the last point

…the use of monoclonal antibodies

…how pathogens may affect plants and their different defence mechanisms

…how the eye produces an image and ways to treat problems with vision

Chemistry

 Trilogy and GCSE Chemistry

…covalent, ionic, and metallic bonding with examples for each

…the allotropes of carbon

…how electrolysis and chromatography can be used to separate some substances

…how temperature, surface area, concentration and catalysts can affect the rate of a chemical reaction

…the composition of crude oil (hydrocarbon chains) and ways to separate and ‘crack’ them

…how ‘dirty’ water can be made drinkable

GCSE Chemistry Only

…how titrations can be used to determine neutralisation

…how to calculate the energy changes involved in reactions

…mole and limiting factors

…how mass is conserve in chemical reaction

…how flame tests can be used to identify elements and ways to identify different types of ions

Physics

Trilogy and GCSE Physics

…the different models of the atom and how experimentation has led to the nuclear model

…radioactive decay, half -life and applications of radioactivity

…the difference between charge, current and potential difference

…the relationship between current, potential difference and resistance in series and parallel circuits

…the characteristics and applications of diodes, thermistors and LDR

…the different types of waves and their characteristics and properties

…the use of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum

Trilogy Physics Only

…magnetic materials and their interactions (attract, repel, fields)

…applications of magnetism which include electromagnets, motors, and speakers

GCSE Physics Only

…the structure of the solar system, galaxy, and universe

…use of satellites to make observations

…application of waves to look at evidence for the big bang (red shift)

…the stages and forces in the life cycle of different sized stars

Biology

Trilogy and GCSE Biology

…evolutionary relationships, fossil evidence and classification

…genetic inheritance

…how characteristic is inherited from ‘parents’, the concept of dominant and recessive traits which can lead to selective breeding, and genetic engineering.

GCSE Biology Only

…evidence of evolution using antibiotic resistance

…how new species can form over time

…how genetic engineering can lead to changes in an organism’s characteristics

…how we clone organisms in a variety of ways

…how the kidney filters the blood and how renal failure is treated

…how the plant uses hormones to respond to light

…the evidence which supports the theory of evolution and extinction (fossil record)

Chemistry

Trilogy and GCSE Chemistry

…how resources can be identified as finite or renewable.

….. how ground water and salty water can be treated to make it potable.

….. how the process of fractional distillation works and the uses of the different fractions.

….. the structure, properties of hydrocarbons and their uses

…...how common gases and metals can be identified

GCSE Chemistry Only

….. how alkenes react with hydrogen, water and halogens.

…how alcohols react with sodium, air, water, and an oxidising agent

… how the first four carboxylic acids react with carbonates, dissolve in water, react with alcohols

 …. How polymers are formed by addition and condensation reactions

…how DNA and amino acids and other naturally occurring polymers are made.

.. how ions are identified by chemical and spectroscopic means.

Physics

Trilogy Physics and GCSE Physics

…the difference between scalar, vector, contact and non-contact forces (giving examples)

…the motion of an object in terms of its speed, velocity, distance, displacement (including motion graphs), acceleration, momentum (higher only) and in terms of newtons laws of motion

…the factors which affect the overall stopping distance of a vehicle

…the effect of applying a force to an elastic object (spring)

GCSE Physics ONLY

…atmospheric and fluid pressure

…moments and transfer of forces using gears

…magnetic materials and their interactions (attract, repel, fields)

…applications of magnetism which include electromagnets, motors, speakers and transformers

Biology

A-Level Biology Year 1

…how biological molecules are formed and their roles in living organisms

…the structure and function of the different types of cells, how they divide, how they interact in the immune system and how substances are moved in and out of them

…how substances are exchanged between organisms and their environments

…how genetic variation arises and how it is investigated

Chemistry

…the different models of the atom, the arrangement of elements in the periodic table and electron configuration

…how simple time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer can be used to identify elements and to determine relative molecular mass of substances

… how to measure the amount of a substance

… covalent, ionic, metallic bonding and dative bonding with examples for each

… shapes of molecules

…how energy changes occur during chemical reactions

… how temperature, surface area, concentration and catalysts can affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

… differences between properties of group 2 and group 7 elements

…how alkanes, alkenes, halogenoalkanes and alcohols react.

…how to identify different organic compounds using test tube reactions

Physics

… explain what common particles are made from eg quark and lepton structure.

… what has to be conserved for a particle interaction to occur

…the wave and particle behaviour of light

…calculate the minimum energy needed for an electron to escape a metal.

…explain how potential difference and current behave in a range of circuits including what factors affect them

…calculate a range of quantities of circuits including charge and resistance of varying circuits.

…use a range of practical techniques to investigate circuits including resistivity

…explain why objects topple in terms of their centre of mass and moments around a pivot, and the distribution of forces upon supports

…explain the linear motion of an object in terms of their horizontal and vertical components

… describe the motion of an object using newtons laws of motion to describe changes in momentum, work, and power

…properties of materials including density, elasticity (Hooke’s law) and Youngs Modulus

…different types of wave and their properties including superposition, refraction, critical angle, diffraction

Biology

A-Level Biology Year 2

…how energy is transferred in and between organisms

…how organisms respond to their environments on a cellular level and as organisms

…how genetic inheritance leads to evolution and speciation in populations and in ecosystems

…how our knowledge of DNA and genes can be used in gene technology in regulation and control of gene expression

Chemistry

….the physical and chemical differences between aldehydes and ketones.

…the properties and uses of carboxylic and their derivatives

… the structure, reactivity and properties of aromatic compounds

...the relationship between, amino acids, proteins and DNA

..how to  NMR spectroscopy is used as an analytical tool

…how electricity can be used to split chemicals to make useful products

…how heat is transferred during chemical reactions

…properties of period 3 elements and their oxides

…how new materials can be formed by a causing a chemical change in the starting materials

Physics

Fields

Nuclear Physics

…explain circular motion, simple harmonic motion, and ways of reducing vibrations (damping)

…describe the changes in thermal energy of a system, use specific latent heat and specific heat capacity to explain and calculate changes to substances, use the ideal gas equation to explain the effect of changes upon a gas.

Turning Points in Physics

…importance of the discovery of the electron, specific change of an electron including Millikan’s experiment and application such as electron microscopes